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9. Syllogism

Which conclusions logically follow from the following two statements?

More than two conclusions logically follow.

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What is three times three?

Comments (3)

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Chrissays...

one correct right answer says some neons are martians, however it clearly states in the question all neons are martians

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IQTLsays...

"Some Neons are Martians" is a logically valid inference from "All Neons are Martians." This is because "some" can mean "at least one," and if all are included, then at least one is included.

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Deeeeesays...

Is B "Some Neons are Martians" really a logical conclusion, when rule one states that "All Neons are Martians." If its only some, then its not all.

English is my second language though, so correct me if I'm wrong!!

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idksays...

Did you understand the problem?

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Davesays...

Thats an arrogant reply. Why don’t you just answer the question?

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Annsays...

I have the same question, also not being a native english speaker.

I am also wondering if some Martians are not Dodans is correct as it has neven been metioned that any Martians are Dodans. No Martians are Dodans is just as likely to me, so why would I assume?

Both could be correct, nothing in the statements contradicts them, but are they implied?

Why am I supposed to assume that anything that isn't contradicted logically follows?

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IQTLsays...

>> I have the same question, also not being a native english speaker.

HI Deeeee, Dave and Ann,

This is a reply to all, apologies for not replying earlier. it's also the reply i gave above:

From 'All Neons are Martians,' it logically follows that 'Some Neons are Martians.' This is because 'some' implies 'at least one,' and if all Neons are Martians, then at least one Neon must be a Martian."

So yes, Deeeee, it can be 'some' and 'all' at the same time, they are not mutually exclusive.

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IQTLsays...

>> I am also wondering if some Martians are not Dodans is correct as it has neven been metioned that any Martians are Dodans.

Ann, there exists at least one Martian (specifically, any Neon) who is not a Dodan, because all Neons are Martians, and none of them are Dodans.Therefore, it logically follows that "Some Martians are not Dodans" since the Neons are Martians who are not Dodans.

That's the plain answer to your question above. Specifically you say that it hasn't been mentioned that any Martians are Dodans. Answer (C) 'Some Martians are not Dodans' doesn't negate that. 'Any' or 'No' Martians being Dodans is separate from answer (C) i.e. irrespective of whether there are Dodan Martians, answer (C) still logically follows from the initial two statements.

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Senior
IQTLsays...

Taking your two statements one at a time:

'Any Martians are Dodans'

Tha above statement "Any Martians are Dodans" (interpreted as "All Martians are Dodans") does not logically follow from the two initial statements, because there could be Martians who are Dodans, or there might be none at all.

"No Martians are Dodans" does not logically follow from the two initial statements either because there is no information about the other Martians who are not Neons. It is possible that some other Martians could be Dodans, or it is possible that none of them are Dodans.

Hope this helps!

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charles Dsays...

more of a test for short term memory than anything else!

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